What is dental caries?
Tooth decay is known technically as dental caries and
results in cavities in the teeth. It is one of the most
common diseases in the world today. When bacteria, saliva,
bits of food and other natural substances build up on
teeth, they form a sticky film called plaque. Plaque bacteria convert sugars and
carbohydrates in the food and drink we consume into
acids, and these acids dissolve the minerals in the
surface enamel of the tooth. Once the acids have
penetrated the outer protective layer of tooth enamel,
the bacteria can enter the next layer of the tooth
called the dentine. Dentine is much softer than enamel
and makes up the bulk of the tooth. The bacteria are
able to directly damage it, and if left unchecked, can
even penetrate to the tooth pulp, thus infecting the
nerves and blood vessels within.
What are the symptoms?
When decay is in the early stages you may not have any
symptoms. However, if the decay is left to eat through the
enamel you may experience sensitivity to hot, cold or sweet
things.
As the decay becomes deeper the pain may intensify. It can
be a dull pain or throbbing. If the decay reaches the
dental pulp, the pain can become piercing, continuous and
unbearable.
In the early stages there may be white or brown spots on
the surface of the tooth. If this is left untreated, a
visible hole will develop. You may also experience bad
breath and an unpleasant taste in your mouth.
How can I prevent caries?
You can help prevent caries by good oral hygiene, and
having a healthy
diet. This
includes brushing your teeth and gums with a fluoride
toothpaste twice a day and using dental floss once a day
to clean between your teeth. When plaque is left in
situ, it turns into tartar (calculus) and we may then
recommend that you see one of our hygienists to have
this removed. The hygienist will also be able to help
you improve your oral hygiene to try and prevent future
problems.
Your diet plays a huge part in the prevention of
caries. It is very important that you reduce the amount
of acid in your mouth by limiting how often you eat
cariogenic foods.